The population is estimated to be about 192 million, the largest in Latin America and the fifth largest in the world. Most of the population live in the south-central region.
Ethnic groups: Whites 54% (Portuguese, Italian, German, Spanish, Polish); from 1875 until 1960, about 5 million Europeans immigrated to Brazil. Other groups are miulatto 39% (mixed white and black), black 6%, other (Japanese and Arabs who came since the 1850s) and indigenous Tupi and Guarani people. The largest Japanese community outside Japan is in Sao Paulo. Intermarriage between the Portuguese and indigenous people or slaves was common.
Indigenous full-blooded Indians, located mainly in the northern and western border regions and in the upper Amazon Basin, constitute less than 1% of the population. It is estimated that Brazil has nearly 200 living indigenous languages with about 155,000 speakers, and many tribes which have had no contacts with the modern world.
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